If you’ve been turned down for a traditional mortgage—or you’re self-employed, a freelancer, or recovering from credit issues—you might think homeownership is out of reach. The truth is, it’s not.
That’s where Non-QM loans come in. These flexible, alternative mortgage programs are designed for borrowers who don’t fit the typical “W-2 employee with perfect credit” mold.
In this guide, we’ll break down what a Non-QM loan is, how it works, who it’s for, and why it could be your best option for buying or refinancing a home in 2025.
See if a Non-QM mortgage is right for you
🧠 What Does “Non-QM” Mean?
Non-QM stands for Non-Qualified Mortgage. These loans don’t meet the standard guidelines set by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or other government-backed agencies. But that doesn’t mean they’re risky or shady—it just means they offer more flexible approval criteria.
Non-QM loans are often used by:
- Self-employed borrowers
- Independent contractors (1099 income)
- Business owners
- Retirees with non-traditional income
- Borrowers with recent credit events (e.g., bankruptcy, foreclosure)
👉 Learn more about Bank Statement Loans, one of the most popular Non-QM loan types.
🏠 How Does a Non-QM Loan Work?
Unlike conventional loans that rely on W-2s and tax returns, Non-QM lenders use alternative methods to assess your ability to repay the loan. That could include:
- Bank statements
- Asset depletion (using retirement or investment accounts)
- Rental income
- P&L statements from your CPA
- Recent employment offers (for transitioning jobs)
These programs still evaluate credit history, debt-to-income ratios, and loan-to-value—but they’re designed for flexibility, not rigidity.
🔍 Common Types of Non-QM Loans
1. Bank Statement Loans
Qualify based on 12–24 months of business or personal bank statements instead of tax returns. Ideal for freelancers and self-employed borrowers.
2. Asset Depletion Loans
Lenders calculate income based on your liquid assets—great for retirees, investors, or those living off savings.
3. 1099-Only Loans
Designed for independent contractors, these loans use your 1099s from the past year or two to verify income.
4. Interest-Only Loans
Lower monthly payments by paying interest only for a set period (usually 5–10 years), with full amortization after.
5. Recent Credit Event Loans
Programs for borrowers with bankruptcies, foreclosures, or short sales within the last 1–3 years.
📋 Non-QM Loan Requirements
While flexible, Non-QM loans still have guidelines. Here’s what most lenders require:
| Requirement | Typical Standard |
|---|---|
| Credit Score | 620+ (680+ for better terms) |
| Down Payment | 10–30% depending on loan type |
| Loan-to-Value (LTV) | Max 80–90% |
| Income Verification | Bank statements, assets, P&L, 1099s |
| Property Types | Primary, second homes, investment properties |
📈 Benefits of a Non-QM Loan
✅ Flexible Income Verification
Great for non-traditional earners like small business owners, gig workers, and investors.
✅ Higher Loan Limits
Many Non-QM lenders offer jumbo loan programs above conforming loan limits.
✅ Fast Closings
Less red tape = faster approvals in many cases.
✅ Credit Flexibility
Some programs allow for recent delinquencies or bankruptcy.
See if a Non-QM mortgage is right for you
⚠️ Considerations Before Applying
- Higher Interest Rates: Non-QM loans usually carry slightly higher rates than conventional loans.
- Bigger Down Payments: Expect to put down at least 10–20%.
- Prepayment Penalties: Some programs include early payoff fees—ask upfront.
🔗 Use our Loan Comparison Calculator to see how Non-QM vs. conventional loan payments compare.
🛠️ Is a Non-QM Loan Right for You?
Consider a Non-QM loan if you:
- Have great cash flow but don’t show it on paper
- Want to qualify using bank statements instead of W-2s
- Are self-employed or a business owner
- Have been turned down for a traditional mortgage
- Want to refinance but don’t meet conventional loan requirements
🧾 FAQs
Not necessarily. They’re underwritten using alternative documentation, but reputable lenders still require strong indicators you can repay the loan.
Usually not—most programs don’t include PMI, even with lower down payments.
Yes! These loans are available for primary homes, second homes, and investment properties.
🔗 Related Resources
📣 Final Thoughts
Non-QM loans offer a lifeline to creditworthy homeowners and buyers who just don’t fit the traditional mold. If your income is non-traditional, your credit has a few dings, or you’re tired of jumping through hoops with conventional lenders, this could be your best path forward.
Our advice is based on experience in the mortgage industry and we are dedicated to helping you achieve your goal of owning a home. We may receive compensation from partner banks when you view mortgage rates listed on our website.